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Relief (appliqué) (Back)

Relief (appliqué) (Back)
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Subject
Religious.

Repository Institution
www.bayerisches-nationalmuseum.de

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Munich, Bayerisches Nationalmuseum

Inv. MA 2039

Ivory

Height: 89 mm
Width: 52 mm
Depth: 10 mm
Weight: 39.7 g

Standing Virgin and Child; lily; Trinity; God the Father holding Christ on the cross; Gnadenstuhl (Throne of Mercy); rugged cross.


Koechlin Number: 0848

Koechlin 1924: France, 1st half of the 14th century.
Berliner 1926: France, 1st half of the 15th century.
Leeuwenberg 1969 and Thinesse 1977: France (?), last quarter of the 18th century or 1st half of the 19th century.
Museum's opinion 2013: France, 1st half of the 15th century.


Attribution
Unknown

Polychromy - Gilding
Traces of gilding and polychromy: gold (hair and beard, crown, halo), red (God the Father's cloak).

Reverse
Flat with some crosshatching.
Handwritten inscription: 'Nr. 1424'. Blue and white label with handwritten inscription: '401'.

Object Condition
Missing: head of Christ (later replacement), most of God the Father's halo.
Virgin's crown and halo chipped.
Cracks.
According to Koechlin, the Virgin's head has been reworked, though Berliner disagrees.

Comments
Carved in high relief. According to Berliner, the composition is not a manifestation of the Virgin's closeness to the Holy Trinity but is related to Mechthild of Magdeburg's visions of the incarnation's redemptive powers (cf. Beissel 1909 and Mechthild 1877).

Provenance
Acquired by the Museum before 1877.

Bibliography
Mechthild of Magdeburg. 'Lux divinitatis,' in Revelationes Gertrudianae ac Mechtildianae II, ed. S. Monks (Paris, 1877), p. 453.
Das Mittelalter. II, Gotische Alterthümer der Baukunst und Bildnerei, by H. Graf, G. Hager and J. A. Mayer (Munich, 1896), VI, no. 1406, pl. XXVIII.
O.M. Dalton, Catalogue of the ivory carvings of the Christian era of the British Museum (London, 1909), p. 108.
S. Beissel, Geschichte der Verehrung Marias in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Ein Beitrag zur Religionswissenschaft und Kunstgeschichte (Freiburg im Breisgau, 1909), pp. 286-7.
R. Koechlin, Les Ivoires gothiques français (Paris, 1924), I, p. 319; II, no. 848.
R. Berliner, Die Bildwerke des Bayerischen Nationalmuseums, IV. Die Bildwerke in Elfenbein, Knochen, Hirsch- und Steinbockhorn, mit einem Anhange: Elfenbeinarbeiten der Staatlichen Schlossmuseen in Bayern (Augsburg, 1926), no. 37.
J. Leeuwenberg, 'Early Nineteenth-Century Gothic Ivories', in Aachener Kunstblätter, 39 (1969), pp. 111-148 (p. 135 n. 58).
J. Thinesse, Appendix zum Elfenbeinkatalog Rudolf Berliners, unpublished MA dissertation, Munich, 1977 (Typescript), p. 28.


Image

© Bayerisches Nationalmuseum, Munich. Photography: Bastian Krack.

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