Rorimer and Forsyth 1954: German or Italian, 15th century.
Eisler 1979: Austrian Master, Tyrol (?), c. 1450.
New York and Prague 2005-2006: Bohemia, c. 1410-1419 (1430-1450?).
Museum's opinion 2011: Bohemian, c. 1400-1420.
Attribution
Unknown
Polychromy - Gilding
Traces of polychromy.
Reverse
Carved on all sides.
Comments
A 19th-century copy of this saddle exists in the Abegg-Stiftung in Riggisberg (Inv. 5.56.76).
Provenance
Probably made for a king of the Romans, most likely Wenceslas IV (one-headed eagle, symbol of the Germanic-Roman Kingdom; the initials v and e, according to von Schlosser in 1894, could stand for Wenceslas and Euphemia-Sophie, the b could refer to the Bavarian lands Euphemia-Sophie offered to Wenceslas IV when they married in 1389; see New York and Prague 2005-2006). Collection of Prince Gian Giacomo Trivulzio, Milan (by 1872, until 1928). Julius Böhler Kunsthandlung, Munich (in 1928); Duveen Brothers, Paris, London, and New York (in 1928); collection of Clarence H. Mackay (b. 1872, d. 1938), Roslyn, New York (1928-1938); estate of Clarence H. Mackay (1938-1940; bought through Jacques Seligmann, New York, thanks to the Harris Brisbane Dick Fund in 1940.
Bibliography
A. Du Sommerard, Les Arts du Moyen Âge (Paris, 1838-46), album: 5th series, p. 233; illustrated in album: 4th series, pl. XXV.
Catalogo delle Opere d'Arte Antica Esposte nel Palazzo di Brera (Milan, 1872), p. 34, no. 241.
L. Courajod, 'Exposition rétrospective de Milan (Art industriel, 1874)', in Gazette des Beaux-Arts, XI (1875), p. 378.
E. Molinier, 'Notes sur quelques selles de fabrication italienne', in L'Art, XXXIV (1883), p.31.
'Une selle en ivoire sculpté', in L'art ornemental, no. 163, IV (13 March 1886), p. 21.
J. von Schlosser, 'Elfenbeinsättel des ausgehenden Mittelalters', in Jahrbuch der Kunsthistorischen Sammlungen des allerhöchsten Kaiserhauses, 15 (1894), pp. 260-294, no. 16, fig. 9. Fully accessible online as part of the Heidelberger historische Bestände: http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/jbksak1894/0318 [accessed 24/07/2013].
J. von Schlosser, 'Die Werkstatt der Embriachi in Venedig', in Jahrbuch der kunsthistorischen Sammlungen des Allerhöchsten Kaiserhauses 20 (1899).
G. Nagy, Hadtörténeti ereklyék a Magyar Nemzeti Múzeumban. Hadtörténelmi Közlemények 11 (1910), p. 229.
S. V. Grancsay, 'An Early Sculptured Saddle', in Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art 32 (1937), p. 94.
S. V. Grancsay, 'A mediaeval sculptured saddle', in Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art 36 (1941), pp. 73-76.
J. J. Rorimer and W. H Forsyth, 'The Medieval galleries', in Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, XII (1954), p. 144.
G. Seligmann, Merchant of Art: 1880-1960. Eighty Years of Professional Collecting (New York, 1961), p. 217.
J. F. Hayward, 'A Fifteenth century carved bone saddle', in Auction, vol. 2, no. 7 (March 1969), p. 23.
I. Genthon, 'Monumenti artistici ungheresi all’estero', in Acta Historiae Artium 16 (1970), pp. 5-35, no. 21.
J. Krása, Die Handschriften König Wenzels IV. Translation by H. Sowinski of Rukopisy Václava IV (Prague, 1971).
J. Eisler, 'Zu den Fragen der Beinsättel des Ungarischen Nationalmuseums I', in Folia Archaeologica 28 (1977), p. 193, fig. 2.
J. Eisler, 'Zu den Fragen der Beinsättel der Ungarischen Nationalmuseums', in Folia Archaeologica 30 (1979), pp. 209, 214, 217, 218, 239, figs. 1, 6, 29.
A. V. B. Norman, Wallace Collection Catalogues. European Arms and Armour, Supplement (London, 1986), p. 108.
L. G. Boccia, L'armeria del Museo Civico Medieval di Bologna (Busto Arsizio, 1991), p. 112.
'Le Tems Revient'. 'l Tempo si rinuova'. Feste e spettacoli nella Firenze di Lorenzo il Magnifico, ed. by P. Ventrone, exhibition catalogue, Florence, Palazzo Medici Riccardi, 1992, p. 173 (M. Scalini).
H. J. Hlaváckova, 'Courtly Body in the Bible of Wenceslas IV', in Kunstlerischer Austach/Artistic Exchange: Akten des XXVIII. Internationalen Kongresses für Kunstgeschichte, Berlin, 15.-20. Juli 1992, ed. by T. Gaehtgens (Berlin, 1993), II, pp. 371-382.
F. De Gramatica, 'Il Ciclo dei Mesi di Torre Aquila', in Trent (2002), pp. 343-365.
S. W. Pyhrr, 'Clarence H. Mackay as an Armour Collector'. in The Nineteenth Park Lane Arms Fair (London, 2002), pp. 26 and 28, fig. 13.
D. Gresch, 'Das 'e' in der Wenzelsbibel', in Kunstchronik, no. 3 (2004), pp. 131-137.
Prague: the Crown of Bohemia, 1347-1437, exhibition catalogue, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Prague Castle, 2005-2006, no. 90, pp. 236-237.
M. Verő, 'Bemerkungen zu den beinsätteln aus der Sigismundzeit', in Sigismundus rex et imperator : Kunst und Kultur zur Zeit Sigismunds von Luxemburg 1387-1437, exhibition catalogue, Budapest and Luxemburg, 2006, pp. 270-278 (p. 278, no. 19) and no. 4.66 in the catalogue.
Karl IV. Kaiser von Gottes Gnaden: Kunst und Repräsentation des Hauses Luxemburg 1310 - 1437 (Munich, 2006), pp. 497-498, no. 165.
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